In the 1850s, Armenians from Western Armenia, India, and other Southeast Asian countries settled in Australia. In 1918, a small number of Armenian refugees who escaped the Armenian Genocide, particularly through charities, took refuge in Australia.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Australian-Armenians gradually began to concentrate in major cities such as Melbourne and Adelaide, where they predominantly engaged in artisanal work and the occasional jobs on ships.

The community grew and began to form in the 1960s when some Armenians from Egypt, the Middle East, and Iran moved to Australia. The Australian-Armenian community later went on to grow with Armenians from Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and other communities, including those from Armenia and the former Soviet Republics.

According to sources, up to 60,000 Armenians currently live in Australia.

Australian-Armenians have careers as businessmen, artisans, doctors, civil servants, and lawyers. Gladys Berejiklian, the current Premier of New South Wales, is of Armenian descent.

The Australian community has local organizations of the ADL, ARF, SDHP along with cultural associations, AGBU, ARS, Homenetmen, HMM, and AYU the Armenian branch of the Armenian National Committee of Australia. There are youth and sports unions, theater groups, choirs, dance groups, and Armenian radio stations in Sydney and Melbourne. In addition, the community has Armenian Apostolic, Catholic and Evangelical churches with daily and Sunday schools.

The states of South Australia and New South Wales have officially recognized the Armenian Genocide. The genocide was recognized by the United Church of Australia (Evangelical Church), the Sydney suburb of Reid, and the Willow City Council.

In 2012, the state of New South Wales recognized the right to self-determination of the people of Artsakh.