Armenians originally settled in Bulgaria in the 5th to 7th centuries. The current community was formed mainly in the late 19th century and early 20th century with survivors from the Hamidian massacres and the Armenian Genocide, in addition to Armenians who moved from Armenia more recently. Today, there are about 30,000 Armenians living in Bulgaria, where they are considered a national minority. 

Heavily Armenian populated cities include Plovdiv, Sofia, Burgas, Varna, Rousseau, Schumen, Dobrich, Silistra, and Khaskovo. These cities contain dozens of Armenian institutions, media institutions, libraries, cultural hubs, Sunday schools, and a daily school located in Plovdiv.

The Coordinating Council of Armenian Organizations of Sofia established in Bulgaria includes several Armenian public and cultural organizations.

There are 11 Armenian Apostolic Churches in Bulgaria, as well as ecclesiastical and Protestant churches.

In 2009, a 17th-century Armenian church was discovered in Veliko Tarnovo, during archeological excavations. According to historians and historical documents, in 1588 the site of the current church was originally a Catholic Church, which was founded by Armenians living in Bulgaria, who in the 17th century built St. Mariam Astvatsatsin Church.

Armenians are mainly involved in the fields of commerce, industry, construction, transportation, finance, and education.

Zoravar Andranik lived in Varna, whose house has become a museum today thanks to the efforts of the Union of Armenians of Bulgaria.

In 2015, the Parliament of the Republic of Bulgaria passed a resolution recognizing and condemning the April 24th massacres of Armenians, however, the term Genocide was not mentioned.