Armenian-Belarusian relations date back to the 20th century, during the revolutionary movement in Belarus. Alexander Myasnikyan made a great contribution as the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR) (1919), then the Deputy Chairman of the People's Council of the USSR and People's Commissar of Military Affairs. In 1944, Marshal Hovhannes Baghramyan commanded the 1st Baltic Front during the liberation of Belarus. He also headed the 3rd Belarusian front in April, 1945.

According to a 1989 census, 5,000 Armenians lived in Belarus, 2800 of which in Minsk. By 1999, the number of Armenians in Belarus was more than 10,000. Now, there are about 30,000 Armenians living in Belarus and are the 6th largest minority community. Armenians mainly live in the cities of Minsk, Mogilev, Bobruysk and Grodno.

The Armenian community in Belarus was officially founded in Minsk, 1989. The Armenia Cultural-Educational Union of Minsk was registered in 1991. Armenian community-based NGOs also operate in other cities: Mogilyov's Masis, Bobruysk's Urartu, and Grodno's Musaler. In 2003, Belarus registered Gregory the Illuminator Armenian Religious Union. There is no Armenian church in the country.

In Belarus there are:

- Three Armenian Sunday schools in the cities of Minsk, Mogilev and Bobruisk.

- The Erebuni Folk Dance Ensemble in Minsk.

In 1991, a crossstone commemorating the Armenian Genocide was placed in the courtyard of the church of Alexander Nevsky in Minsk, as well as in memory of Spitak earthquake victims.