Armenians began to settle in the Czech Republic in the late 20th century, driven largely by the unstable political and economic conditions following the collapse of the USSR. Thus, unlike other Diaspora communities in Europe, the Armenian community in the Czech Republic is made up almost entirely from recent immigrants. Although the community is young, Armenian presence in the Czech Republic dates much further back, in fact, Prague’s very first café U Zlatého Hada was founded in 1714 by the Armenian businessman Georgius Deodatus Damascenus.

The community is mainly concentrated in Prague, Brno, and Jihlava. The number of Armenians, according to various sources, varies between 6 to 8 thousand. There are about a dozen Armenian institutions, including a church, media outlets, and a Sunday school.

Armenians in the Czech Republic are active in a number of sectors of the country's economy, including commerce, hospitality, construction, and culture.

The community is legally recognized as a religious minority.

On April 25, 2017, the Parliament of the Czech Republic adopted a resolution recognizing the Armenian Genocide.

In 2015, the Catholicosate of the Czech Republic granted the Armenian Apostolic Church the Church of the Holy Spirit in downtown Prague, where church services are currently held. Prior to that, the ceremonies were performed by St. Yeghyayi Catholic Church and the Protestant Church in Brno.

In 2006 the small Armenian community in Jihlava inaugurated the first khachkar in Smetanovy park, the second was inaugurated in 2014 in Prague.